Health Care Systems

1. The Beveridge Model ● Health care is provided and financed by the government through tax payments, just like the police force or the public library ● Many hospitals and clinics are owned by the government; some doctors are government employees, but there are also private doctors who collect their fees from the government. ● You often will never get a doctor’s bill ● Low costs per capita, because the government, as the sole payer, controls what doctors can do and what they can charge. 2. The Bismarck Model ● Health care is provided and financed through insurance systems – jointly financed by employees and employers through payroll deduction ● True Bismarck model, the insurance plans must cover everyone, do not make a profit ● Doctors and hospitals are privately owned and operated ● Tight regulations keeps costs down 3. The National Health Insurance Model ● Health care is provided by private sector hospitals and doctors, and financed through government-run insurance program that all citizens pay into ● Single payer (government) has considerable power to negotiate for lower prices but also limit medical services they will provide for or making patients wait ● Private doctors and hospitals ● No need for marketing, no financial motive to deny claims, no profit – cheaper, less administration 4. The Out-of-Pocket Model (MIXED MODEL) ● Developing countries with no organized system ● Fee-for-service ● Many never see a ‘doctor’ ● The rich can afford good care, and the poor stay sick or seek traditional healing or receive care from philanthropic providers

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