Chapter_4.docx-CHAPTER 4 ○ Molecular geometry ■

Chapter_1.docx-CHAPTER R ○ Measurement ○ Significant

● CHAPTER 5 ○ Atomic masses ■ Objects do not need identical masses to count by weighing (average mass of jelly beans) ■ Total mass of atoms / number of atoms ■ Mass spectrophotometer used to determine masses ■ Average of all the isotopes of an elemen

● CHAPTER 12 ○ Chemical equilibrium ■ Think about cars on a bridge, always a flow ■ The equilibrium position is determined by many factors: the initial concentrations, the relative energies of reactants and products, and the relative degree of “organ

● CHAPTER 7 ○ Calorimetry ○ Energy ■ Energy is conserved ■ Ability to do work or produce heat ■ Transfer energy through work and heat ■ Heat involves transfer of energy due to temperature difference ■ Energy change is independent of pathway ■ Change