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Annotated-Chapter-5-Part 1 1.pptx
Annotated-Chapter-5-Part_1_1.pptx
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Annotated-Chapter-5-Part 1 1.pptx-Chapter 5 Overvi...
Annotated-Chapter-5-Part_1_1.pptx-Chapter 5 Overview Bond Types
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Annotated-Chapter-5-Part_1_1.pptx-Chapter 5 Overview Bond Types
Page 20
Chapter 5
Overview
Bond Types
Electronegativity,
Dipole Moment
Ionic Character
Valence Bond
Theory
Statement
Definition of
s
and
p
bonds
Hybrid Atomic
Orbitals
Justification
Types of
hybridization
s
bonds and
p
bonds in the context
of hybridization
Applications of VBT
Bonding in
molecules with
multiple central-
atoms (CAs)
Geometry (Cas)
s
bonds and
p
bonds (origin)
4
-
20
Valence Bond Theory (VBT)
a) The structural formula of glycine is shown below.
How many sigma(
s
) and pi(
p
) bonds are there in glycine?
Page 21
Chapter 5
Overview
Bond Types
Electronegativity,
Dipole Moment
Ionic Character
Valence Bond
Theory
Statement
Definition of
s
and
p
bonds
Hybrid Atomic
Orbitals
Justification
Types of
hybridization
s
bonds and
p
bonds in the context
of hybridization
Applications of VBT
Bonding in
molecules with
multiple central-
atoms (CAs)
Geometry (Cas)
s
bonds and
p
bonds (origin)
4
-
21
Valence Bond Theory (VBT)
Have each member of your group select a molecule and count
the number of sigma(
s
) and pi(
p
) bonds. Discuss your results, in
preparation to answer a
TurningPoint
question about it.
Page 22
Chapter 5
Overview
Bond Types
Electronegativity,
Dipole Moment
Ionic Character
Valence Bond
Theory
Statement
Definition of
s
and
p
bonds
Hybrid Atomic
Orbitals
Justification
Types of
hybridization
s
bonds and
p
bonds in the context
of hybridization
Applications of VBT
Bonding in
molecules with
multiple central-
atoms (CAs)
Geometry (Cas)
s
bonds and
p
bonds (origin)
4
-
22
Hybrid Orbitals, Justification
Methane, CH
4
[He]
2s
2
2p
2
Why is hybridization needed?
The 4 C-H bonds have the same length.
All the bond angles are the same (109.5°)
Image from
Organic Chemistry
Bruice
Page 23
Chapter 5
Overview
Bond Types
Electronegativity,
Dipole Moment
Ionic Character
Valence Bond
Theory
Statement
Definition of
s
and
p
bonds
Hybrid Atomic
Orbitals
Justification
Types of
hybridization
s
bonds and
p
bonds in the context
of hybridization
Applications of VBT
Bonding in
molecules with
multiple central-
atoms (CAs)
Geometry (Cas)
s
bonds and
p
bonds (origin)
4
-
23
Methane, CH
4
[He]
2s
2
2p
2
Image from
Chemistry
by Tro
In methane, unhybridized
p
orbital in
C predict the wrong geometry
and bonding with
hydrogen.
Page 24
Chapter 5
Overview
Bond Types
Electronegativity,
Dipole Moment
Ionic Character
Valence Bond
Theory
Statement
Definition of
s
and
p
bonds
Hybrid Atomic
Orbitals
Justification
Types of
hybridization
s
bonds and
p
bonds in the context
of hybridization
Applications of VBT
Bonding in
molecules with
multiple central-
atoms (CAs)
Geometry (Cas)
s
bonds and
p
bonds (origin)
4
-
24
Hybrid Orbitals, Justification (Cont. 3)
Let’s explore the overlap bonding
model for
Methane, CH
4
,
[He]2s
2
2p
2
Why is hybridization needed?
Answer:
VBT fails to explain bonding in some polyatomic
molecules.
Problems:
1. Suggests
divalent bonding
CH
2
not CH
4
2. H-C-H bond
angle of
90° vs. 109.5 °
for a tetrahedral
geometry.
Orbital diagram for C
Orbitals on C
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