Human Biology Allied Health

General Biology

ch11quizpt2.docx.docx-Queson 1 0.5 / 0.5 pts

Queson 1 1 / 1 pts Hormones that enter cells and aﬀect gene expression are: Steroid Hormones Water Soluble Hormones Pepde Messengers Second Messengers Queson 2 1 / 1 pts Hormones that regulate blood calcium levels are: Insulin and Glucagon Glycogen and Parathyroid Hormone Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin Estrogen and Progesterone IncorrectQueson 3 0 / 1 pts The anterior pituitary hormones include all of the following EXCEPT: GH (Human Growth Hormone) FSH (Follicle-Smulang Hormone) TSH (Thyroid-Smulang Hormone) ADH (Andiurec Hormone) Queson 4 1 / 1 pts Prolacn inﬂuences milk producon and Oxytocin inﬂuences milk ejecon. Answer 1: Prolacn Answer 2: Oxytocin Queson 5 1 / 1 pts The pituitary portal system connects the Hypothalamus with the Anterior Pituitary . Answer 1: Hypothalamus Answer 2: Anterior Pituitary Queson 6 1 / 1 pts ACTH has the eﬀect of causing which hormones to be released? Calcitonin Corsol Aldosterone FSH and LH Queson 7 1 / 1 pts GnRH has the eﬀect of causing which hormones to be released? Calcitonin Corsol Aldosterone FSH and LH Queson 8 1 / 1 pts Diabetes Insipidus involves hormones released by the posterior pituitary. True False Queson 9 1 / 1 pts Basal Metabolic Rate is ulmately controlled by the hypothalamus via releasing hormones that cause smulang hormones to aﬀect thyroid hormones. True False Queson 10 1 / 1 pts Growth Hormone is most needed during adult development. True False IncorrectQueson 11 0 / 1 pts Alpha cells in the Islets of Langerhans secrete insulin to control the ability of cells to take in glucose. True False Queson 12 1 / 1 pts ADH (andiurec hormone) and oxytocin are stored and released by the: Posterior Pituitary Anterior Pituitary Thyroid Gland Adrenal Glands Queson 13 1 / 1 pts Mineralocorcoids are steroid hormones of the adrenal cortex that aﬀect salt and water balance. True False Queson 14 1 / 1 pts Glucocorcoids are important during prolonged fasng and are aﬀected by Cushing’s Disease. True False IncorrectQueson 15 0 / 1 pts Glucagon decreases the conversion of glycogen into glucose. True False IncorrectQueson 16 0 / 1 pts Glucagon secreon is smulated in response to eang a meal. True False IncorrectQueson 17 0 / 1 pts Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 is caused by an autoimmune destrucon of beta cells in the pancreas. True False Queson 18 1 / 1 pts Fight or ﬂight responses are triggered when epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from the adrenal medulla. True False Queson 19 1 / 1 pts Which gland is classiﬁed as both an endocrine and exocrine gland? Thyroid Pancreas Thymus Pituitary IncorrectQueson 20 0 / 1 pts Hyperthyroidism can involve: an increase in metabolic acvity. a decrease in metabolic acvity. the development of myxedema. an increase in blood calcium.

BIO | 156 | Human Biology Allied Health | assessment | Queson 1 1 / 1 pts Hormones t

 In absence of O 2 Fe is not in the plane of the porphyrin b/cuz Fe is to large and heme is puckered  O 2 bonds the sharing e- = smaller atomic radius of Fe= move into plane  F8 is translocated closer to heme, pulling F helix backbone  Movement of F helix crucial to structural change upon O 2 binding in hemoglobin Funcon  Reversible binding of O 2 to heme Fe 2+ of hemo and myo is key to funcon  Reversible b/cuz protein structure changes under diﬀerent condions & results in altered aﬃnies for oxygen ligand General protein-ligands interacons  Any protein & ligand. P+L ↔ PL [ P= protein, L=ligand, PL= complex]  K a = associaon constant refers to the reacon for the binding of the P & L which means PL complex is product, units of M -1 o K a = [PL]/[P][L]  K d = dissociaon constant h as units of M and refers to a rxn in which the uncomplexed species are the product o K d = [P][L]/[PL]  Compare dissociaon rxns to asses’ relave aﬃnies  *** Larger Kd indicated more of dissociates species, lower aﬃnity b/w molecules  Theta θ (fraconal saturaon) - fracon of binding sites that are occupied o θ = occupied sites/ total sites o θ = [L]/ [L] + K d o When the ligand concentraon = Kd then θ = 0.5 o ** plot of θ and [L] = hyberbolic curve o Concentraon of Kd determines by [L} at which θ = 0.5 o Comparing two proteins shows which has higher or lower aﬃnity o Protein A has higher aﬃnity for ligand = smaller Kd (takes less ligand to achieve half saturaon of protein) o Protein B larger kd value takes more ligand to achieve half saturaon of protein binding sites Myoglobin oxygen binding  Mb + O 2 ↔ MbO 2  MbO 2 is oxymyo and Mb is deoxymyo  θ = [MbO 2 ] / [MbO 2 ] + [Mb] = occupied / total binding sites  Plot theta vs. pO 2 (paral pressure oxygen)  O 2 binding hyperbolic, p 50 instead of Kd = xcresults in saturaon of o.5  pO 2 in resng muscle is 4kPa and 1.3kPa in acve muscle  curve shows when O2 concentraon are high in resng muscle, Mb O2 binding sites are almost saturated  Oxygen concentraon decrease in acve muscle, fewer Mb binding sites are occupies  *Shows eﬀect of Mb as an oxygen storage protein Hemoglobin Binding  Oxygen binding is sigmoidal with a sharp decrease in O 2 sat at low pO 2  Hb delivers O 2 obtained from lungs to ssues  Graph shows o2 saturaon drops 0.98 in lungs to 0.4 in ssues in pO 2 of lungs and ssue ~60% decrease in theta  In lungs = high O concentraon where Hb is fully bound to O “collecng”  Low pO 2 in ssues, much less O is bound “delivering”  Shape is indicave of posive cooperave binding = binding of 1 st ligand (O 2 ) to protein complex facilitates the binding of addional ligands on the same protein  Binding of O 2 to globin proteins = ligand-induced protein conformaon change  Two important ligands for Hb are; O 2 and 2,3-bisphophoglycerate  Three key features of ligand-protein interacons:

BIO | 156 | Human Biology Allied Health | study guides |  In absence of O 2 Fe is not 

Question 1 Synergistic muscle groups work to produce oppositional movements of the skeleton. True False Question 2 Muscles are bundles of fascicles which are bundles of ﬁbers which are bundles of myoﬁbrils which are bundles of ﬁlaments . Question 3 What is the functional unit of muscle contraction found repeating down the length of a myoﬁbril? Sarcoplasmic reticulum Sarcolemma Sarcomere Motor unit Question 4 Z-lines form the outer boundaries of the: Sarcoplasmic reticulum Sarcolemma Sarcomere Motor unit Question 5 T-tubules are continuations of the: Sarcoplasmic reticulum Sarcolemma Sarcomere Motor unit Question 6 Calcium ions are stored in the: Sarcoplasmic reticulum Sarcolemma Sarcomere Motor unit Question 7 The thick ﬁlament is covered by tropomyosin which prevents its ability to bind to actin. True False Question 8 Motor neurons release: ACh Ca++ Ions Electrons Question 9 During muscle relaxation, the myosin heads are attached to their binding sites on actin and ready to go. True False Question 10 Calcium release occurs at the beginning of the latent period of a muscle twitch. True False Question 11 Cross-bridges form when calcium binds to: tropomyosin ATP myosin troponin Question 12 Muscle relaxation occurs when calcium is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. True False Question 13 The most preferred energy source for muscles is: creatine phosphate ATP glycogen glucose Question 14 Firmly bracing yourself against a wall involves isotonic exercise. True False Question 15 A muscle ﬁber can be innervated by multiple motor neurons in a motor unit. True False Question 16 Sustained muscle contraction is: summation tetanus twitch recruitment Question 17 Slow-twitch muscle ﬁbers would appear white due to the high content of myoglobin. True False Question 18 Marathon runners would beneﬁt from an abundance of fast-twitch muscle ﬁbers. True False Question 19 Skeletal muscle tissue can sustain stronger contractions at a faster rate than cardiac or smooth muscle tissue. True False Question 20 Label the the image above which shows the levels of bundling that make up a whole muscle. A. Fascicle B. ﬁber C. myoﬁbril D. tendon Question 21 Label the image above showing internal components of a muscle cell. A. neuromuscular junction B. sarcolemma C. sarcoplasmic reticulum D. T-tubule Question 22 1.75 / 4 pts Label the muscles in the above image. Pay attention to spelling.

BIO | 156 | Human Biology Allied Health | assessment | Question 1 Synergistic muscle 

2018 Spring SOWK 313.3 HBSE II Instructor: Gregorio Ochoa MSW Chapter 6: Middle Childhood Exams Due in class: January 31, 2018 Student Name: Jennifer Cervantes Essay Exam: Two part essay quesons: (1) Describe ten (10) new pieces of informaon found in this chapter that were found parcularly interesng and useful. (2) Indicate how this informaon will be included in your Social Work pracce. You must write on both parts to get credit. Mulple Choice: 1.  In middle childhood, rules, fairness, and reciprocity  a. bother most children. b.  are focused on in play. c. should be ignored in favor of teaching independence and identity development. d. are taught mostly through media. 2.  Middle childhood, ages 6-12, is referred to by Erikson as what stage of development?  a.  Industry vs. inferiority b. Initiative vs. inferiority c. Autonomy vs. self-doubt d. Identify vs. role confusion 3..  Growth in middle childhood is characterized by  a. a growth spurt with very rapid physical growth. b.  slow but consistent growth. c. a period of dormancy in which physical growth does not occur. d. a period of dormancy interspersed with periods of rapid growth. 4. Researchers found that elementary school students a. can enhance their gross and fine motor skills by playing video games. b.  spend less than 12 minutes of P.E. time in vigorous activities. c. are slightly more active than the standard set by the National Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. d. recognize the health benefits of physical activity. 5.  “The quantitative aspects of objects that don’t change unless something has been added to or subtracted from the object, although other changes may lead to perceptual differences.” To which of the following terms does this definition apply?  a. Deduction b.  Conservation c. Inhibition d. Object permanence 6.  Eight-year-old Johnny and his mother are making cookies. Johnny's mother gives him two pieces of dough that are rolled into balls. She asks him to take the rolling pin and roll one flat. Johnny recognizes that both pieces of dough are still of equal size. He has mastered conservation of a. number. b. length. c.  mass. d. area. 7.  Which of the following is FALSE about IQ tests?  a. Examples include the Stanford-Binet, the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. b.  Contents reflect material that is familiar to children from a variety of cultures. c. They have been used to label and classify children. d. Skills examined include memory, reasoning, and verbal comprehension. 8.  The ability to delay gratification is associated with  a.  emotional intelligence. b. IQ scores of "genius." c. high scores on standardized achievement tests. d. a high ability to focus. 9.  Researchers question the reliability and validity of a child's testimony in court based on all of the following concerns EXCEPT a.  desire for revenge. b. reliability of memory. c. understanding of the obligation to tell the truth. d. vulnerability to suggestion. 10.  As described in the text according to Shaffer, __________ is the ability to “go beyond the information” and allows a child to become increasingly cognizant of such things as abstract connotations and the multiple meanings of words.  a. abstract processing b. metatheoretical linguistics

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