Anatomy and Physiology

Human Anatomy

Microbiology

Principles of Biology Lab

Biochemistry II

BIO 211 – LAB #4 – CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (PART 4) – VEINS QUESTIONS SHEET PART A: MAJOR VEINS OF THE HUMAN 1. Describe the structure and function of veins. They are split to the venules, carry blood toward the heart and are usually unoxygenated except for pulmonary. 2. Compare and contrast the hepatic portal vein and the hepatic vein. The hepatic portal vein direct blood from the gastrointestinal tract between the esophagus and the rectum and venous drain the spleen and the pancreas. The hepatic vein is blood vessels that transport unoxygenated blood and blood filtered by the liver to the superior vena cava. 3. What is the purpose of hepatic portal circulation, and describe its pathway. To deliver blood from some parts of the gastrointestinal tract to the liver for storage and metabolism. PART B: MAJOR VEINS OF THE CAT 1. Typically veins are more difficult to study on the cat than arteries. Based on the structural differences between arteries and veins, why do you suppose this is so? Critical Thinking Question: Trace a drop of blood as it leaves the (__liver _________. YOUR INSTRUCTOR WILL PICK AN ORGAN. ASK THEM WHICH ONE THEY CHOOSE THIS SEMESTER) to its return back to that same organ. Be detailed. Include all arteries, veins and structures of the heart. Oxygenated blood leaves the heart through the aorta, goes down the thorax and into the abdominal aorta. The celiac trunk contains the hepatic artery that supplies blood to the liver. The hepatic artery splits into left and right to supply blood to the left and right halves of the liver. When the hepatic artery reached the gallbladder, it will branch into the cystic artery that will supply the cystic duct and gallbladder with oxygenated blood. Those arteries will branch off into smaller arteries and arterioles and then the capillaries will provide oxygen and nutrients to tissues of the liver and gallbladder. The hepatic portal vein provides the liver wit deoxygenated blood that has already been through the stomach, pancreas, spleen and intestines. The material will go through the hepatic portal vein and into the liver and into specialized capillaries. The hepatic portal vein takes the blood through the heart using the hepatic veins. Source http://www.innerbody.com/image_c1/card10-new.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_vein

BIO | 211 | Human Anatomy | lab | BIO 211 – LAB #4 – CIRCULATORY

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Lab 14: Carbon Footprint Assignment Sheet Student Name: Madison Steigerwald Results 1. Results of Carbon Footprint Calculators:  Calculator #1: 373 metric tons of CO2 released each year from my activities  Calculator #2: 50 metric tons of CO2 released each year from my activities  How did your numbers compare for the different calculators? Did you get the same results for each? What do think contributed to differences, if there were any? There are many different numbers of factors that contributed to my calculation, which include; heating source, energy use, and family size. There also was a large difference between the two calculations. 2. Altered Carbon Footprint calculations after changes were identified (use the same calculators)  New #1: 2721 metric tons of CO 2 released each year from my activities  What did you change to reduce this footprint calculation? I included many more answers in this calculation than I did compared to my first. Like a larger family size, and recycling etc.  New #2: 1899 metric tons of CO 2 released each year from my activities  What did you change to reduce this footprint calculation? In this one I included a larger family size, but all the options weren’t an option to choose. 3. What is the carbon footprint of the poor person living in South Africa (be sure to use the same units)? How does this compare to your own? The Carbon footprint of a poor person in South Africa is way less than my own. 4. Look up current data on carbon dioxide generated by the countries of the world. Where do the United States and South Africa rank? The Us Ranks 2nd and South Africa ranks 14th. 5. What lifestyle changes did you propose to lower your carbon footprint? Are these things that you could actually incorporate into your daily routine to change your impact on the planet? Ways you can change your lifestyle to lower your carbon footprint include; East lower on the food chain, choose organic and local, Buy foodstuffs in bulk, reduce your waste, and many more. Yes, reducing your waste is probably the best one to choose to help the plant.

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